爱因斯坦与玻尔之争的实质

On the Essence of the Debate Between Einstein and Bohr

爱因斯坦与玻尔之间关于量子力学的争论是科学史上最为著名的争论之一,但对于这场争论的本质却一直是一个悬而未决的问题。本文对比分析了关于这场争论本质的三种代表性的观点,即认为这场争论的本质是不一贯性与不完备性、不完备性与方法论层次上的争论、分离原理之争。研究者对这场争论的解读明显地从争论的表面向争论的深层原因发展,而且对争论的分析主要建立在研究者对爱因斯坦科学哲学思想的解读的基础之上。

The debate about quantum mechanics between Einstein and Bohr is one of the most famous debates in the history of science,but there is no agreement about the essence of this debate.Some scholars argue that the focus is on inconsistence and incompleteness;Fine argues that it is on incompleteness and methodology;Don Howard argues that the essence lies in the separability principle.This paper compares three representative opinions,and argues that the debates between researchers have gone beyond the surface reasons into the deeper ones.Moreover,their analysis of the dispute between Einstein and Bohr is primarily based on their own understandings of Einstein's philosophy of science.