藏缅语话题结构的特征与类型

Characteristics and Typology of the Topic-comment Construction in Tibeto-Burman Languages

本文尝试从主语/话题类型学视角考察藏缅语话题结构的总体特征。藏缅语都有话题结构,并在形式上有一些相似的特征,一般以句首为话题的无标记位置,大多数语言都有词汇或附缀形式的话题标记。但藏缅语话题的突显程度存在差异,表现在话题结构的语义依赖性、话题标记的专用性和丰富性等方面。这种差异可能与藏缅语内部语法类型的差异有关联。

This paper investigates the typological characteristics of topic-comment construction in Tibeto-Burman （TB） languages. Most TB languages have topics, which show some similar formal features, such as unmarked clause-initial topics, which are followed by topic markers. On the other hand, the prominence of topics differ in TB languages in terms of dependence on semantic relation of topic construction, as well as specialization and variety of topic markers, which may be related to the diversity of grammatical typology of TB languages.