基于换乘效率指数的北京轨道交通网络通达性评价及其成因分析

Evaluation of Accessibility in Urban Rail Transit Network of Beijing Based on Transfer Efficiency Index and the Analyze of Its Cause

通过改进用于描述网络系统通达程度的分散指数,基于换乘便利程度构建了城市轨道交通网络总体通达性的指标——换乘效率指数。通过对京沪穗三地轨道交通网络换乘效率指数的比较,发现北京轨道交通的换乘效率不及另外两地;通过对1988年以来8个不同时期北京轨道交通网络格局演变造成的换乘效率变化进行研究,发现北京换乘效率指数在2011年之前总体呈下降趋势,当前则在逐年提升,这是由于历史上重视规模扩张而忽视效率提高造成的。最后针对北京外围线路比例偏高、中心城区线网不足、规划不合理等相关问题,提出了相应的改进建议。

Based on improving of dispersion index, which is used to describe the accessibility of network system, transfer efficiency index is built in order to reflect the overall convenience of urban rail network structure in a way of transfer convenience. By comparing the efficiency of the rail networks between the cities of Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou,this paper has found that of the three, Beijing is the least efficient. This research was conducted by examining the evolution of the Beijing rail network over 8 periods of time beginning in 1988 and found that the current situation of the efficiency in Beijing rail network is caused by its emphasis on scale expansion and neglect on efficiency improving, and transfer efficiency in Beijing declined generally before 2011 and increasing growth over recent years. At the end of this paper, rail transit problems in Beijing are discussed, such as the high property of the external lines, lack of central city route network and unreasonable planning, and improvement measures proposed.