基于农业产业集群的农业创新体系结构分析——以河南省鄢陵县花木产业集群为例

The Structure Analysis of Agricultural Innovation System Based on Agricultural Cluster: A Case Study of Flower and Plant Industrial Cluster in Yanling County, Henan Province

基于创新体系理论构建了农业创新体系的结构分析框架,通过对河南省鄢陵县花木产业集群91家农户和46家农业企业的实地调查,借助社会网络分析法对农业创新体系的结构进行了实证分析。研究发现:农业创新体系可以看做是由创新主体、创新网络以及创新内容三个部分组成。外地同行企业对农业集群创新起主导作用,而传统农户仅仅是用祖传技术或模仿;本地企业中创新地位异质性较高;政府在农业集群创新中的直接作用较小,但紧密的产学研结合,能显著提高企业的创新能力。相对于合作网络来说,知识网络呈多核心结构,网络集中度和密度均较高。与农区制造业集群相比,农业创新更加依赖外地同行企业和市场需求,更重视与大学、科研机构的联系。

This paper constructs the theoretical framework of agricultural innovation system, through field survey of 91 households and 46 agricultural enterprises in flower and plant industrial cluster in Yanling County, Henan Province, using social network analysis to conduct an empirical analysis on the structure of agricultural innovation system. It is found that, agricultural innovation system is composed of three parts of innovation subject, innovation networks and innovative contents. Enterprises in other regions play a leading role in agricultural cluster innovation; Higher heterogeneity of the status of innovation in local enterprises; the direct role of government in the innovation of agricultural clusters is smaller, but close linkages between enterprises, universities and research institutes can significantly improve the innovation capacity of cluster enterprises. Relative to the cooperative networks, knowledge networks show a multi-core structure and the centralization and density of the networks are higher. Compared with the manufacturing clusters, agricultural innovation is more dependent on the enterprises in other regions, market demands and the linkages between local enterprises, universities and research institutes.