北京市三类儿童青少年对行贿的认知发展

Cognitive Development on Understanding Bribery Behavior in Three Kinds of Children and Adolescents in Beijing

本研究从北京市抽取三类儿童青少年(北京市户籍儿童青少年、普通学校流动儿童青少年、打工子弟学校流动儿童青少年)共1046人,采用假设情境问卷,探讨其对行贿的认知发展特点以及影响因素,并比较三类儿童青少年在这些方面的差异。结果表明:儿童青少年对行贿基本上能作明确判断,不认同行贿行为,而且随着年龄的增长,他们对行贿的认同程度呈现下降趋势。三类儿童青少年在行贿判断上不存在显著差异,但在行贿认同上差异显著。打工子弟学校的流动儿童青少年比其他两类儿童青少年更明显地认同行贿行为,这和他们较低的一般公平世界信念、较高的物质主义价值观和较强的被控制的命运观有关。

The present research recruited 1046 children and adolescents who come from three groups （urban children and adolescents, migrant children and adolescents learning in public schools, migrant children and adolescents learning in schools of migrant children and adolescents） in Beijing. By using hypothetical scenario questionnaires, the research examined the development of participants＇ social cognition on understanding bribery behavior, explored factors influencing their bribery cognition and compared differences on bribery understanding in three groups of participants. The results indicated： children and adolescents in our study made clearly bribery judgment and reported low level of approval of bribery. Their degree on approval of bribery decreases as they grow up. There were no significant differences on bribery judgment among three groups of subjects, but there were significant differences on approval of bribery ： migrant children and adolescents learning in schools reported more approval of bribery than two others, which was explained by their lower belief in a justice world, higher materialism and stronger controlled fate.