349例院前死亡患者流行病学特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological features from 349 cases of pre - hospital death

目的分析我院院前死亡患者流行病学特征，提高院前急救水平，最大限度降低院前死亡率。方法采用前瞻性资料收集的方法，对我院2010年度所有院前死亡患者的年龄、性别、就诊时间、急诊诊断等要素进行调查统计分析。结果本组院前死亡病例349例，男女比为2．14：1，年龄（61．34±18．49）岁；院前死亡1、2月份较高，5、7月份较低；日时间段高峰为8：00-10：00；死因前3位依次为猝死（37．25％）、神经系统疾病（17．77％）、创伤（10．60％）；出诊反应时间为（1．46±0．78）min，到达现场时间（10．20±6．79）min，现场抢救时间（20．94±12．87）min，急救半径（8．56±6．33）km。结论①15-79岁，随着年龄的增长院前死亡逐渐增加，注意改变亚健康状态，正确治疗基础疾病；②创伤死亡主要为青中年，加强急诊外科建设，提高创伤救治成功率；③猝死是首要死因，心脑血管疾病年轻化，普及大众急救知识，尤其提高常见心脑血管疾病急危重症的早期识别及院前急救水平，对提高院前急救成功率有重要意义。

Objective Try to analyze the epidemiological features of the prehospital death in order to improve the technical merit of prehospital emergency. As a result, the rate of prehospital death will be decreased at an utmost extent. Methods Investigation and statistical analysis for the related factor such as age, gender, visiting time and emergency diagnosis of the prehospital death in 2010 are made by using prospective data collection method. Results There are 349 cases of death in this group. The ratio stood 2.14 ： 1 by male - female, age 61.34±18.49 ; the prehospital death is higher in January and February, but it is a little lower in May and July. The rush hour in the day is around 8：00 ± 10：00. The top 3 causes of the death are respectively sudden death （37. 25% ）, nervous system desease （ 17.77% ） and trauma （ 10.60% ）. The visiting response time was 1.46 rain （ SD 0. 78 ）, and the arrival time was 10.20 rain （SD 6.79）, and the rescue time was 20.94 min （SD 12.87）. The service radius was 8.56 km （ SD 6.33）. Conclusion （j]The rate of prehospital death increseases with the age increasing between age 15 and 79. People should improve their subheahh status and cure the related primary desease correctly.①The trauma death rate is relatively higher among the young and middle - aged people. We should strengthen the construction of emergency surgery and improve the success rate of trauma treatment. ②The primary cause of death was the sudden death. With the cardio - cerebral vascular disease become younger in average age, to promulgate first aid knowledge, especially the forepart distinction and first - aid rescuing merit of the common critical and severe symptom in atherosclerosis is of great significance to improve the success rate of prehospital emergency.