生境因子调控对笃斯越橘产量的影响

Effects of habitat factors regulation on yield of Vaccinium uliginosum

为了实现笃斯越橘(Vaccinium uliginosum L.)的人工抚育,在自然生境下采用单因素试验,分别对土壤水分、土壤酸度、施肥、光照四个影响因子进行人工调控,结果表明:笃斯越橘自开花(6月初)至果熟(7月下旬)期间,水分是影响其产量高低的重要因子之一,其产量和果粒大小随着土壤水分含量上升呈增加趋势;施用不同水平的硫粉对土壤pH值的调节有显著效果,当施入100g.m-2硫粉时土壤pH值降至5.0左右,单位面积产量最高;施用硫酸钾复合肥对笃斯越桔果实单粒重和产量有着显著(p<0.05)的影响,在50g.m-2施肥量时产量最高;光照调节对笃斯越橘果实产量和单粒重有一定的影响,重度遮光会造成严重减产,而适度遮光对增加果实单粒重和提高产量有促进作用。

In order to realize the artificial tending of Vaccinium uliginosum, the single-factor experiments, in which soil moisture, soil acidity, fertilization and light were regulated, were carried out under natural environment. The results showed that during the period of blossom （in early June） to fruit ripening （in the last ten-day of July）, water is one of the most important factors on yield. Yield and fruit size rise as soil moisture increases; Sulfur powder application has remarkable effect on pH regulation of soil. pH value decreases to about 5.0 when applying 100g.m-2 of sulfur powder, and yield per unit reaches the highest as well. Potassium sulfate compound fertilizer has remarkable effect on fruit size and yield （p〈0.05）. Yield reaches the highest when applying 50g.m-2 of fertilizer. Light illumination regulation has a certain effect on fruit yield and size： severe shading causes severe yield reduction, while moderate shading improves fruit size and yield.