辣椒连作对土壤理化性状、植株生理抗性及离子吸收的影响

Effects of Continuous Cropping on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil, Physiological Resistance and Ion Absorption of Pepper

为研究辣椒连作对土壤理化性状及植株生长、抗氧化酶活性、渗透物质和离子含量等的影响,分别选取连续栽种辣椒1、4、6、8年的大棚土壤,并以麦田土壤为对照进行盆栽试验。结果表明,连作土壤有机质和全氮都明显高于对照土壤,连作土壤全磷、全钾及速效养分都有不同程度富集,大量元素高度富集,Mn含量下降,Cu含量明显增加,土壤出现酸化和盐渍化现象且随连作年限增加程度加大。连作土壤导致辣椒植株生长量减少,叶片中SOD、POD和CAT活性增强,MDA和渗透物质含量上升,地上部大量元素不同程度富集,Ca元素减少,而微量元素变化不明显。可见,辣椒连作使土壤理化性状变劣,进而影响植株正常生长,并且随连作年限增加影响程度进一步加大。

Pot culture experiment was conducted in order to study the effects of continuous cropping on physical and chemical properties of soil, growth, antioxidant enzymes, osmotic substances and ion content of pepper. The soils of continuously cropped peppers for 1, 4, 6 and 8 years were taken as treatments while soil with normal cropping wheat as contrast, The results showed that： for the pepper replant soil, organic matter and total N were significantly higher than the control, total P, K and available nutrient were enriched to various degrees; however, Mn element content was decreased while Cu was increased significantly. The level of acidification and salinization increased along with continuous cropping years. The growth of pepper plants was restricted under continuous cropped soil, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in leaves increased significantly, as well as the content of MDA and osmotic substances. There were concentrations of metal ions and decline of Ca^2＋ for the overground parts of pepper. In summary, the continuous cropping of pepper could deteriorate the physical and chemical properties of soil, and in turn affected the growth of pepper, which could be intensified with the increase of continuous cropping years.