可持续发展视野下我国矿业权之重构研究

Research on the reconstruction of mining industry right from the perspective of the sustainable development in China

我国将矿业权作为探矿权和采矿权之上位权,导致两种性质截然不同的权利被混为一谈,矿业权"依法取得"之公权性质与其"物权"之私权性质相捆绑以及《物权法》对矿业权的"用益物权"之定位,造成矿业权理论的混乱与非科学性,在一定程度上导致矿产资源浪费、生态环境破坏等现实问题。因此,我国矿业权理论的重构非常必要。在重构矿业权的同时,应当重新调整国家定位,淡化其经营者身份,使其着力于矿业市场的培育与规范、社会公共利益及国家安全的保护。由此达到规范矿产资源开发利用、保护生态环境实现可持续发展的目的。

Chinese legal system regards mining industry right as the upper right of the mining exploration right and mining right, the two different kinds of rights were confused, the nature of Mining industry right which including public aspect for its ＂legally obtained＂ and private aspect for its ＂property rights＂ location in ＂Property Law＂ were made to be chaos and non-scientific, to some extent, this situation iead to some practical problems, foe example waste of mineral resources, ecological destruction and so on. We should reconstruct mining industry rights and readjust the status of the government. Thus we can regulate the development and utilization of mineral resources, the protection of the ecological environment and achieve the purpose of sustainable development.