新疆地区维吾尔族、哈萨克族与内地汉族急性冠状动脉综合征患者危险因素和临床特征的对比研究

Comparative Study of Clinical Characteristics in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Among Han,Uygur and Kazakhs Nationalities in China

目的:对比新疆少数民族与内地汉族急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者的危险因素和临床特征。方法:入选新疆维吾尔族184例、哈萨克族133例与同期住院的内地汉族429例三组ACS患者,登记所有患者的冠心病危险因素、特殊检查和治疗情况。结果:维吾尔族组和哈萨克族组年龄、血压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和尿酸均显著高于汉族组(P均<0.01);维吾尔族组和哈萨克族组的吸烟病史和吸烟量均显著少于汉族组(P均<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。收缩压>120 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、舒张压>80 mmHg、总胆固醇>5.18 mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇>2.6 mmol/L和尿酸>416.5μmol/L的维吾尔族组和哈萨克族组均显著高于汉族组的发生率(P均<0.01);空腹血糖>5.6 mmol/L汉族组显著高于维吾尔族组和哈萨克族组(P<0.05～0.01),差异均有统计学意义。超声心动图检查、左心房内径>35 mm和左心室射血分数<50%的维吾尔族组和哈萨克族组均显著高于汉族组患者(P均<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。结论:新疆地区维吾尔族和哈萨克族ACS患者与内地汉族患者临床特征有明显不同。

Objective：To compare the clinical characteristics in acute coronary syndrome （ACS）patients among Han, Uygur, and Kazakhs nationalities in China. Methods ：A total of 746 ACS patients were recruited at the same period of time and classified into 3 ethnic groups. Uygur group, n = 184 and Kazakhs group, n = 133 from Xinjiang, Han group, n = 429 from inland China. The ACS related characteristics with other chnical informations were studied in different groups. Results：Compared with Han Gronp,Uygur and Kazakhs groups showed elder age and higher levels of blood pressure（ BP）, total cholesterol（TC） ,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol（LDL-C） and uric acid, all P〈0.01; the history of smoking was less in Uygur and Kazakhs groups,P〈0.01. The prevalence of BP〉 120/80 mmHg, TC〉5.18 mmol/L, LDL-C〉2.6 mmol/L and uric acid〉416. 5umol/L were higher in Uygur and Kazakhs groups than Han group, all P〈0. 01. The prevalence of fasting blood glucose〉5.6 mmol/L was higher in Han group than the other 2 groups,P〈0. 05 -0. 01. The occurrence of left atril diameter〉35mm and left ventricular ejection fraction〈50% were higher in two Xinjiang groups, all P〈0. 01. Conclusion ：There were significant differences of clinical characteristics in ACS patients between Han patients of inland and Uygur, Kazakhs patients in Xinjiang, China.