昆阳磷矿植被恢复地土壤肥力状况分析及评价

ANALYSIS AND COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF SOIL FERTILITY STATUS FOR VEGETATION RESTORATION AREA OF KUNYANG PHOSPHORITE MINE

采用野外调查、室内分析并结合相关的方法,对昆阳磷矿人工林植被恢复样地土壤养分指标进行研究,以对矿区植被恢复地土壤肥力现状进行科学合理的评价。结果表明:矿区植被恢复地土壤的容重均小于1.8g/cm,孔隙多,结构性较好,有益于植物的生长;植被恢复地土壤样本的有机质含量缺乏,全氮和碱解氮含量属于中等和较缺乏水平,全磷和有效磷、全钾和速效钾含量极为丰富。土壤有机质、有效磷,变异系数较大,分布不均匀,碱解氮、全氮、全磷、速效钾为中等变异的养分指标,变异系数相对小些,土壤中全钾呈弱变异,在土壤中的含量相对分布比较均匀。通过灰色关联度分析,得出研究区不同植被类型或不同年代组合恢复模式土壤肥力顺序为:2005年恢复的旱冬瓜+藏柏+麻栎林>2006年恢复的旱冬瓜+藏柏+麻栎林>2007年恢复的旱冬瓜+藏柏林>平台覆土>2005年恢复的旱冬瓜+藏柏林>2005年恢复的旱冬瓜+藏柏+墨西哥柏林。

The testing and statistical analysis was made on soil nutrients in vegetation restoration area of Kunyang phosphorite mine. Scientific and rational assessment was made on soil fertility status of the vegetation restoration area. The results showed that soil bulk density was less than 1.8 g/cm. Soil had plenty of pores,and the structure was good and beneficial to plant growth. Soil organic matter, available P showed high coefficient of variation and uneven distribution; available N, total N, total P, and available K showed the medium variant,and the coefficient of variation were relatively small;total K showed weak in soil variability,and the relative content in the soil was more evenly distributed. Organic matter content of soil samples was deficient, total N and available N content was medium and the relative lack of level, while, contents of total P,available P,total K and available K were rich. The soil fertility of the different study area of vegetation types or recovery modes in combinations of different years were in the order as follows：Alnus nepalensis4-Cupressus terullsa 4- Quercus acutissima community （the vegetation communities restored in 2005） 〉 Alnus nepalensis 4- Cupressus terullsa 4- Quercus acutissima community （the vegetation communities restored in 2006）〉Alnus nepalensis 4- Cupressus terullsa community （the vegetation communities restored in 2007）〉The soil cover on the platform〉Alnus nepalensis 4-Cupressus terullsa community （the vegetation communities restored in 2005） 〉Alnus nepalensis 4- Cupressus terullsa 4- Cupressus lusitanica community （the vegetation communities restored in 2005）.