甘南尕海草甸湿地不同海拔高度土壤性状研究

Soil Properties of Meadow Wetlands for Different Altitudes in Gahai of Gannan

为探究海拔高度与草甸湿地土壤性状之间的关系,对甘南尕海草甸湿地不同海拔高度的土壤理化性状进行研究,在不同海拔高度设置样地,对土壤进行分层取样,室内测定土壤水分含量、容重、孔隙度、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量和pH值。结果表明:尕海草甸湿地物理性质随着海拔高度的增加表现有所不同,其中湿地的土壤含水量、土壤通气度和总孔隙度均表现出随海拔高度上升而升高的趋势,与海拔存在显著相关性,而容重、非毛管孔隙度和毛管孔隙度随海拔高度的上升变化规律不明显,与海拔相关性不强;湿地土壤有机质、土壤全氮、全磷和pH值均表现为高海拔高于低海拔,全钾表现为高海拔低于低海拔;除全钾外,尕海草甸湿地土壤其他化学性质均随海拔高度的增加而增加,但和海拔并不都成显著相关。该湿地应结合当地植被类型和土壤状况,针对不同海拔草甸湿地土壤的特点,采取合理的管理模式,改善湿地生态环境,以维护其健康且可持续的发展。

Soil physicochemical properties of Gahai meadow wetland at different altitudes were studied for exploring a relationship between altitude and the soil properties of meadow wetlands.Stratified soil samples were determined for soil water contents,bulk density,aeration porosity,porosity,the content of soil organic matter,total N,total P,total K,and pH.Results showed that soil physical properties changed as altitudes increased.Soil water contents,aeration porosity,total porosity showed an overall increasing trend as altitude increased.However,there was no clear change in soil bulk density and non-capillary porosity which had no correlations with altitude.The content of soil organic matter,total N,total P,pH were higher at high altitude than low altitude,whereas total K was higher at low altitude than high altitude.Except total K,the soil chemical properties were increase with increasing elevation,but had no obvious correlation with elevation.Therefore,a reasonable management mode should be taken to improve meadow wetland ecological environment based on both vegetation types and soil properties of Gahai meadow wetlands at different altitudes.