孕期摄入热量、胆固醇、甘油三脂和空腹血糖在胎儿生长发育中的作用及相关性研究

The function of the absorbent energy,fasting blood glucose,triglyceride and cholesterol in the fetal growth and development and the study of the association

目的探讨孕期摄入热量、胆固醇、甘油三脂和空腹血糖在胎儿宫内生长发育中的重要性和饮食控制的临床应用价值。方法将67例超重肥胖进行饮食控制的孕妇作为研究组,63例超重肥胖未控制饮食的孕妇作为对照组,59例正常体重孕妇作为正常体重组。检测3组孕妇孕早、中、晚期摄入的热量、胆固醇、甘油三脂和空腹血糖水平。结果研究组孕中、晚期摄入热量、胆固醇、甘油三脂和空腹血糖明显低于对照组及正常体重组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组孕早、中、晚期摄入热量、胆固醇、甘油三酯水平,与新生儿生长指数呈明显正相关,3组孕妇孕中、晚期空腹血糖水平与新生儿生长指数呈明显正相关。结论孕前超重肥胖孕妇存在脂肪堆积,孕期可进行饮食控制,加强脂肪动员,促进胎儿的生长。

Objective To investigate the possible roles and relationship of the absorbent energy, cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting blood glucose on fetal growth and development. Methods 67 pregnant women of overweight and obesity with control of diet were chosen as the study group, and 63 pregnant women of overweight and obesity without control of diet were grouped as the control group, while 59 pregnant women with normal weight were selected as the normal group. All of them were examined for the levels of absorbent energy, triglyceride, cholesterol and fasting blood glucose in their early, middle and late terms of pregnancy. Results The levels of absorbent energy, cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting blood glucose in study group during middle and late pregnancy were significantly lower than these in the control and normal groups with significant differences between them （P 〈 O. 05 ）. The levels of absorbent energy,cholesterol, triglyceride in all three groups during their early, middle and late terms of pregnancy were positively correlated with the growth indexes of their neonatal birth weight obviously. The levels of fasting blood glucose in all three groups during their middle and late terms of pregnancy were also positively correlated with the indexes significantly. Conclusion Fat accumulation exists in pregnant women of overweight and obese. By alimentary control and fat mobilization during pregnancy, the growth of fetus could be promoted.