萝卜与芥菜远缘杂交新品种的选育研究

Study on A New Hybrid Breeding between Raphanus sativus and Brassica juncea by Distant Hybridization

以萝卜不育系为母本,雪里蕻、大头菜和多裂叶芥为父本,在温室通过蜜蜂进行远缘杂交,并获得杂交种。经过田间种植淘汰掉假杂种,获得一株叶形明显变异的品种,对其自交,其分离成7个类型品系。选取较稳定的"萝芥4号"品系观察了其生长形态、下扎趋势以及根系分布特性,分析了早期生长过程中品种间的相似性,同时针对"萝芥4号"及对照品种进行营养成分分析。采用"武A"雄性不育系与"萝芥4号"配制杂交组合,获得叶片性状遗传稳定、肉质根杂交优势明显的组合,该组合十分适合腌制加工。

In this study, the male sterile line of radish （Raphanus sativus L. ） variety named Wuqing was used as female parent, and three Brassica juncea varieties named ＂Xuelihong＂, ＂Turnips＂, and ＂Mustard＂ were used as male parents, respectively. The hy- brid varieties were obtained through distant hybridization made by bees in greenhouse. The hybrids were planted in field and their characters were determined for identifying the true hybrid. One hybrid variety with obvious variation in leaf type character was identi- fied here. The inbreed lines by selfing segregated seven distinct types of individuals. ＂Luojie -4＂ was a stable variety among them and its characteristics including growth form, trend of root＇ s plunge, and root distribution were observed. Moreover, the varieties＇ similar- ity at early growth stage was analyzed. The nutrition components of ＂Luojie -4＂ and control varieties were also analyzed. Hybrid com- binations were obtained successfully from the hybridization between ＂Wu A＂ and ＂Luojie -4＂. The new combinations, which had ge- netic stability of the leaf traits and fleshy root heterosis, were very suitable for being pickled.