颜元与科南特教育思想之比较

A Comparative Study of Yan Yuan's and James B. Conant's Educational Ideas

颜元是我国明末清初著名的一位教育家,针对当时八股教育的弊端和不足,一心一意改革教育,实现教育创新,为了实现其培养专门人才和通才结合的思想,提出了"实文、实行、实体、实用"实学教育思想体系,倡导"习行"教学方法,采取全面评价学生等教育思想。科南特作为美国著名的教育家,是一位以要素主义流派为代表的教育家,提出了中等教育改革、师范教育改革、大学通识教育等重要的教育思想,影响了当时美国教育改革。通过比较发现,两个教育家在教育经验、教育理念、教育目的、教育内容、教育评价等方面既有分歧,也存在一定的共同之处。在今天,两位教育家的教育思想对我们的教育家的成长有很大启示价值。

Yan Yuan, a well - known edueationist living across the Qing and Ming solve the problems in the educational practices characterized by the so - called eight - dynasties, trying to legged essay style, advocated educational reforms and innovations. To realize his dream of integrated general and specialized education, Yan developed his philosophy of practical education and advocated, among others, an experiential teaching methodology and holistic assessment of students learning. The late American educational administrator James B. Conant was an important representative of educational essentialism. His ideas about reshaping secondary education, teacher education, and general education at college exerted great ink fluence on U.S. educational reforms. This paper is a comparative study aimed at identifying the similarities and differences between the two educationists. It concludes that today＇s educators can still draw inspiration from both their educational philosophies.