论人大重大事项决定权与监督权的规制

On regulation of decisions on major issues and supervision of the National People's Congress

我国的政治体制改革核心问题是如何在人民代表大会体制下实现权力的有效制约,而人民代表大会制度下的"议行合一"恰恰与权力制约存在悖论,人大的权力行使缺乏有效的监督,使得人大在权力行使过程中出现缺位、错位、越位甚至权力寻租现象,这在人大重大事项决定权和监督权两方面体现得尤为严重。从人大权力的规范与运行的角度分析制度层面存在的缺陷,进而在制度上和立法上进一步完善、细化人大的权力与运行,以期通过改革进一步完善现有体制,使其实现理论上、观念上、客观上切实并有效代表民意的真正权力机关。

The core issue of the reform of the political system in China is how to achieve the effective control of power in the NPC system.The ＂unity of decision and exercise＂ under the NPC system is precisely the paradox with the power constraints.The exercise of the powers of the NPC is lack of effective supervision,which make the absence,dislocation,offside and even the phenomenon of rent-seeking of power occurred in the course of the exercise of NPC power,particularly serious in the decisions on major issues and supervision of NPC.The paper analyzed the defects of the system level from the regulation and running of the NPC power,and further improved and refined it from the institution and legislation,in order to further improve the existing system through reform,to be the real authority of public opinion in theory and concept objectively.