基于网络分析的区域铁路公司建构方法与实证

Methods for constructing regional railway companies based on network analysis: A case study of China

区域铁路公司是铁路运输市场组织的重要模式之一,也是铁路改革中的焦点问题之一。基于经济地理学功能区(结节区)的网络分析方法,对1991～2005年我国城际铁路货流的空间组织特征进行了系统分析,发现我国铁路货物运输联系形成了较为稳定的功能区划,形成北京、广州、上海等城市枢纽节点。基于合理运输组织和减少交易成本的组织理念,提出建立东北、华北、西北、华中、华东、中南和西南7大区域铁路公司。该研究可以为铁路市场化改革提供决策支持。

The regional railway company is an important mode for organizing the railway transport market, and is also one of the loci in railway reform of China. Based on the network analysis methods- ＂function zone＂ in economic geography, the paper systematically analyzes the spatial organization of intercity rail freight flows from 1991 to 2005 with the primacy ratio, and finds that stable function zones with large hubs have already formed in China＇s rail freight transport linkage, including Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai. With the idea of ＂establishing reasonable transport organization and reducing transaction cost＂, the paper aims to establish seven regional railway companies separately, namely （1） Northeast China Railway Company with the core in Shenyang, （2） North China Railway Company with the core in Beijing, （3） Northwest China Railway Company with the core in Lanzhou, （4） Central China Railway Company with the core in Zhengzhou, （5） East China Railway Company with the core in Shanghai, （6） Central South Railway Company with the core in Guangzhou, and （7） Southwest China Railway Company with the core in Chengdu. The seven companies can provide supports for policy making and railway reform deepening.