大学生父母关系感知及其与安全感和特质焦虑的关系

Characteristics of College Students' Perceived Inter-parental Relationship and Its Relation with Security and Trait Anxiety

目的:探究父母关系感知的概念结构,编制测量大学生对父母关系感知的问卷,探索大学生对父母关系的感知与大学生的安全感和焦虑感的关系。方法:通过访谈法获得大学生对父母关系感知的主观评估,编制大学生父母关系感知问卷项目,通过探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析对477名大学生的父母关系感知数据的内部结构进行探讨,并对父母关系感知与安全感、特质焦虑的关系进行探究。结果:大学生父母关系感知问卷由三因子组成,累积方差贡献率为63.0%,分别命名为父母关系消极感知、父母关系积极感知和父母关系绝望感。验证性因素分析得到GFI为0.86,AGFI为0.82,CFI为0.92,RMSEA为0.065。问卷内部一致性信度和重测信度良好。父母关系感知可聚类为父母关系最好型、父母关系中等型和父母关系最差型,不同类型在安全感和特质焦虑上差异显著。父母关系消极感知和父母关系积极感知可显著预测安全感和特质焦虑。结论:父母关系感知问卷具有较好的心理测量学特性和临床实用价值,父母关系感知对安全感和特质焦虑有重要影响。

Objective： To develop a questionnaire to measure the perceived inter-parental relationship and to explore its structure and relationship with security and trait anxiety. Methods： The study conducted the pre-test and test for assessing the construct validity of the scale by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in 477 Chinese university students. Results： There were three components that could explain 63.0% of the total variance. They were named perceived negative inter-parental relationship, perceived positive inter-parental relationship, and hopelessness of interparental relationship. The questionnaire had GFI 0.86, AGFI 0.82, CFI 0.92, and RMSEA 0.065 by CFA. The questionnaire had good intemal consistent reliability and test-retest reliability. The perceived inter-parental relationship could be divided into three styles, and each style had significant effects on security and trait anxiety. The perceived negative interparental relationship and positive inter-parental relationship could significantly predict security and trait anxiety. Conclusion： The questionnaire of perceived inter-parental relationship in Chinese university students has satisfactory psychometric characteristics and is suitable for clinical use. Perceived inter-parental relationship has important effects on security and trait anxiety.