新生儿鲍氏不动杆菌感染及预防对策

Acinetobacter baumaniiinfections among neonates and prevention countermeasures

目的分析新生儿鲍氏不动杆菌引起感染及耐药性,探讨其预防对策,为临床预防治疗提供依据。方法细菌鉴定采用ATB鉴定分析仪,药敏试验采用K-B法。结果共收集非重复鲍氏不动杆菌114株,主要来源于痰标本,占82.5%;其临床分布以新生儿重症监护病房为主,占81.6%;114株鲍氏不动杆菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、阿米卡星、左氧氟沙星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦等敏感率较高,达>80.0%;对庆大霉素、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟等敏感率次之,在54.0%～78.0%;20株耐亚胺培南鲍氏不动杆菌对阿米卡星、左氧氟沙星等耐药率普遍高于非多药耐药鲍氏不动杆菌。结论鲍氏不动杆菌是引起新生儿医院感染的最常见病原菌之一,对抗菌药物呈多药耐药,临床预防是关键。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii causing infections in the neonates and explore the prevention countermeasures so as to provide basis for the clinical prevention and treatment.METHODS ATB system was used for the bacterial identification,and the drug susceptibility testing was determined by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS A total of 114 strains of non-repeated A.baumannii were isolated,the majority of which were isolated from the sputum specimens,accounting for 72.8%,and 81.6% of the strains distributed in the neonatal intensive care unit.The drug susceptibility rates of the 114 strains of A.baumannii to imipenem,meropenem,amikaxin,levofloxacin,and piperacillin/tazobactam were higher than 80.0%,the drug susceptibility rate to gentamicin,ceftazidime and cefepime varying between 54.0% and 78.0%.The drug resistance rates to amikacin and levofloxacin were generally higher to the 20 strains of imipenem-resistant A.baumannii than to the non-multidrug-resistant strains.CONCLUSION The A.baumannii is one of the most common species of pathogens causing the nosocomial infections in the neonates and shows multidrug-resistant,therefore,the clinical prevention is very important.