呼吸科下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in respiratory department of internal medicine

目的分析呼吸科下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床治疗用药提供依据。方法选取医院2008年2月-2012年2月呼吸科下呼吸道感染患者临床资料,对病原菌分布及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果革兰阴性杆菌中以铜绿假单胞菌及大肠埃希菌为主,分别占15.0%、8.8%,对亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星耐药率较低,均<35.0%;革兰阳性球菌中以金黄色葡萄球菌及凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为主,分别占17.4%、7.4%,对万古霉素无耐药菌株检出。结论呼吸科下呼吸道感染患者以革兰阴性杆菌感染为主,临床应根据病原菌分布及耐药性合理选用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in the respiratory department of internal medicine so as to provide basis for the clinical treatment.METHODS From Feb 2008 to Feb2012,the clinical data the patients with the lower respiratory tract infections in the respiratory department of internal medicine were chosen,and the distribution of the pathogens and the drug resistance were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Among the gram-negative bacilli,the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were the predominant species of pathogens,accounting for 15.0% and 8.8%,respectively,and were resistant to imipenem,piperacillin/tazobactam,and amikacin,with the resistance rate less than 35.0%.Among the gram-positive cocci,the Staphylococcus aureus（17.4%） and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus（7.4%） were dominant,and no strains of vancomycin-resistant isolates were detected.CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in the respiratory department of internal medicine,it is necessary for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics in accordance with the distribution of the pathogens and the drug resistance.