基于TRIZ理论的玉米根茬收获系统设计

Design of corn stubble harvester based on TRIZ theory

玉米根土结合形式的复杂性为根茬采收装备的研制带来了困难,该文采用TRIZ理论研究了根茬铲挖与脱土过程的"物-场模型",确定了切割与推送相结合的根茬铲挖模式,以及压力场、振动场和重力场相协同的根茬脱土模式;并采用"冲突解决原理"分析和解决系统中涉及的物理矛盾和技术矛盾,对旋转耙齿、碾压辊、抖动升运机构进行了创新设计,提升采收作业性能;最后借助CAD技术将系统功能模式及部件创新设计转化成虚拟样机,搭建具有参数可调功能的根茬采收试验平台,经田间试验表明:系统运行良好,可为系统后续相关研究提供参考。

Because of the complexity of the combined form of maize stubble and soil, it is difficult to design maize stubble harvester. The TRIZ innovation theory was applied to build ＂Substance-field models＂ of reaping and scouring maize stubble from land, the reaping mode which combined shoveling with propelling and the scouring mode which consisted of pressure field, gravity field, vibration field. In order to improve the system performance, the TRIZ conflicts resolving principles were adopted to solve physical contradictions and technical contradictions, which were used to design shoveling-propelling mechanism, rolling mechanism and screening conveyor device. At last, CAD technology was used to build corn stubble harvester virtual prototype, according to system function mode and innovative design, the test platform whose parameters can adjustable was established, which would lay the foundations of the future research.