黑河中游不同土地覆被土壤水文环境及植被特征

Soil,Eco-hydrological and Vegetation Characters of Different Land Cover Types in Middle Reaches of Heihe River Basin

以黑河中游6种典型土地覆被类型(百年灌溉农田、新垦灌溉农田、人工杨树林、人工樟子松林、人工梭梭灌木林和天然荒漠草地)为研究对象,对其部分土壤生态水文和植被因子进行了测定。结果显示,6种土地覆被类型不仅在地表生态水文环境特征、土壤结构特征、土壤化学和微生物群落特征等方面存在显著差异,而且在植被的盖度、密度和生物量方面也存在显著差异。不同土地覆被类型的植物生物量与田间持水量、土壤黏粉粒含量、土壤全氮、土壤有机碳和土壤碳氮比等因子具有密切的关系。该研究为如何通过改变土地覆被方式而有效地保护和利用绿洲荒漠系统提供了一定的思路,也为进一步解析气候变化和人类活动影响下荒漠绿洲生态系统水、土、气、生的相互作用过程及其机制提供了一定的科学依据。

The soil,eco-hydrological and vegetation characteristics of six land cover types,including 100-year irrigation farm land,new irrigation farm land,poplar plantation,scotch pine plantation,Haloxylon ammodendron plantation,and desert grassland,were studied in middle reaches of Heihe River basin.Results show that there are significant differences not only in eco-hydrological environment,soil structure,soil chemical properties,microbial species characteristic,but also in vegetation coverage,density and biomass among all the land cover types.Significant correlations are found between plant biomass and soil water field capacity,soil fine particle content,total nitrogen,soil organic carbon or soil C/N ratio for the different land cover types.The research provides theoretical reference for developing and protecting desert-oasis systems by changing the land cover,furthermore,it also provides scientific basis for understanding water-soil-atmosphere-plant interaction process and mechanisms under the influence of climatic change and human activities.