对黑龙江省农村留守妇女状况的调查与思考

Investigation and Thinking of Rural Unattended Women's Situations in Heilongjiang

留守妇女是城镇化建设中的一个新兴群体,她们的生存与发展得到了社会各方面的普遍关注。以定量研究为主、定性研究为辅,通过问卷调查和召开小型座谈会的方式,对留守妇女的政治参与、经济发展、生活方式等方面进行研究,从中发现留守妇女遇到的实际问题为:劳动强度大,家务负担重;夫妻聚少离多,婚姻不稳定,自身权益缺少保障;文化生活少,治安隐患增加,缺乏安全感;儿女外出务工,老年留守妇女问题凸显。鉴于此,应充分发挥各级政府的主导作用,加强各部门协调配合,共同维护农村留守妇女的合法权益;不断提高留守妇女整体素质,创建和谐家庭;创造条件,尽可能实现劳动力就近就地转移;积极采取有效措施,认真解决留守妇女生活的后顾之忧。

Unattended women come to be a new group in urbanization. Their living and situations deserve attention from all circles of society. Adopting quantity studies with the aid of qualitative research through questionnaires and colloquia, the author undertakes to study unattended women in political participation, economic development and mode of living, and reveals many problems that these women confront, including great labor intensity, heavy load of housework, mere reunion with their husbands, unstable marriage, lack of rights protection, less cultural activities, increased risks of public security, less sense of security, aged unattended women＇s plight without caring from their migrant children. In the view of such situations, governments of all levels should play their leading role, strengthen coordination of all departments to protect women＇s legal rights. Unattended women should improve their own comprehensive qualities to create harmonious family. Labors ought to be employed nearby. In addition, we should adopt effective measures to solve these women＇s the worries behind efficiently.