新能源消费补贴的微观分析

Micro Analysis on Subsidy of New Energy Consumption

不同的能源消费补贴方式会产生差异化的新能源促进效果,本文通过对能源消费补贴三种方式和情景的微观分析,梳理和比较不同能源消费补贴方式的作用机理:现金补贴方式直接产生收入效应,既会增加新能源消费,也会增加传统能源消费;在用能总量不饱和市场实施价格补贴可以增加新能源消费,传统能源消费不受影响;在用能总量饱和市场实施价格补贴可以增加新能源消费,同时降低传统能源消费,兼具收入效应和替代效应。本文认为有针对性地选择能源消耗补贴方式不仅有利于积极推动新能源消费,提高新能源的市场竞争力,而且有助于改变传统的用能结构,减少环境污染和温室气体排放。

Different subsidy ways lead to differentiated impacts on new energy usage. This paper makes microscopic analysis on three kinds of subsidy ways and mechanisms： （1） Cash subsidies directly generate income effect, increasing the consumption of new energy as well as traditional energy. （2） In unsaturated market, price subsidies increase new energy consumption, while traditional energy consumption keeps unchanged. （3） In unsaturated market, price subsidies increase the consumption of new energy consumption while decrease that of traditional energy . This paper believes that choosing targeted subsidy way will promote the development of new energy.