论个人重整

A Research of Individual Reorganization

个人重整是一些国家继破产清算、破产和解之后关于个人破产的另一重要制度设计。破产清算制度强调对债权人公平受偿的保护;破产和解制度强调对债务人的救济;个人重整制度则强调对社会公共利益的保障,三种制度各有其存在价值。美国、英国、日本等国和台湾地区关于个人重整制度的立法实践表明:清偿债务是个人重整制度的首要目标;自愿性是个人重整制度的基本特点;最低清偿水平是个人重整方案的基本要求;重整方案的强制批准是个人重整制度社会利益本位的集中体现;破产免责是债务人选择个人重整程序的重要动力。

Some countries gradually adapt bankruptcy reorganization to individual bankruptcy after bankruptcy liquidation and bankruptcy composition.Bankruptcy liquidation system aims at protecting creditors＇ interest,bankruptcy composition system debtors＇ interest,and individual reorganization social interest.Legislative practice of individual reorganization system in America,Britain,Germany,Japanese and Chinese Taiwan shows that repaying debt is individual reorganization＇s basic aim,that voluntary reorganization is individual reorganization＇s basic characteristic,that minimum repayment level is individual reorganization plan＇s basic requirement,that cram-down of reorganization plan is the main embodiment of individual reorganization＇s social interest orientation,and that bankruptcy discharge is the incentive for debtors to choose individual reorganization procedure.