被动吸烟对雌性小鼠生殖功能的影响

Effect of passive smoking on reproductive function in female mouse

为了探索被动吸烟对生殖功能的影响。采用体内实验和卵母细胞体外培养、体外受精的方法 ,研究被动吸烟对小鼠生殖力的影响。结果 :被动吸烟可以显著降低小鼠的妊娠率 ,抑制胚胎发育和卵母细胞的体内成熟 ,降低第一极体的释放率和卵母细胞的体外受精率 ,使卵母细胞的质量和存活率显著降低 ,影响卵巢与体重比例 ,但对生发泡破裂无影响。实验结果还显示 ,停止被动吸烟和将卵母细胞以及受精卵培养在正常培养液中 ,小鼠的生殖能力又能基本恢复 ,卵母细胞的第一极体的释放率以及体外受精率都明显提高。结论 :被动吸烟可以抑制卵母细胞的成熟 ,降低小鼠的生殖能力 ,香烟烟雾中的某些成分被育龄妇女吸收后 ,会导致生殖能力下降 ,甚至导致不孕 ,但香烟烟雾的这种毒性作用可能是短暂的、可逆的。

Objective: To test the effect of passive smoking on reproductive function in female mouse. Methods: In vitro culture and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of mouse oocytes taken from mouse after placing in a smoking box for different duration. Results: The results showed that passive smoking could significantly reduce the rates of pregnancy, the rates of IVF, the rates of extrusion of the first polar body, and the number of superovulated oocytes. It could inhibit the embryo development, the meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes, reduce the quality and the rates of viability of mouse oocytes, affect the ratio of ovary and avoirdupois of mouse, but little impact on germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) of mouse oocyte.The results also showed that the reproductive capability of female mouse can recover after stopping passive smoking over 6 days. The rates of extrusion of the first polar body (comparing with 0 h)and IVF (comparing with 24 h) had obviously improved along with the culture of mouse oocytes and zygotes in normal culture medium. Conclusion: The results indicate that passive smoking may be hazardous to the meiotic maturation of mouse oocyte, reduce the fertility and reproductive capability, some contents of cigarette smoking absorbed by women of procreating age may result in decline of fertility and reproductive capability, and even lead to sterility. The results also indicated that damage from smoking may be transient and reversible after discontinuation.