残障者社会保障理论发展史论纲

Historical Analysis of Social Security Theory on the Disabled

残障者社会保障理论经历了一个从无到有,从个体医疗模式逐渐发展为社会模式,从狭隘的残疾救济到体现正常化要求的漫长历史发展过程。通过历史轨迹梳理,论述了从古代残障者社会保障思想的萌芽,到现代社会公平论、公民权、人权观的残障者社会保障理论发展,再到当代残障者正常化、社会支持网络、社会排斥和社会融入等理论。归纳了残障者社会保障理论从传统、现代到当代的基本特征,并通过对其历史轨迹的分析,总结了残障者社会保障理论与社会经济发展水平的关系,残障者社会保障理论与社会保障系统理论的关系以及残障者社会保障理论与社会对残障人社会认识的关系。

The disabled social security theory has gone through a scratch from individual medical mode into a social model of disability benefits,from a narrow disabled relief to embodiment normalization.Through clearing up the clue of history,this paper elaborates from the ancient disabled social security thoughts budding to modern social equity theory,including civil rights theory,human rights theory and citizenship theory,then to the contemporary disabled security theory,including normalization theory,social support network,social exclusion and social integration theory.It also summarizes the traditional,modern and contemporary characteristics of the disabled social security theory,on the basis of which,a summary has been made on the relationship of social security theory on the disabled and social economic development level,and the relationship between the theory and the system theory,as well as the relationship between the theory and the social cognition on the disabled.