环境约束下的中国制造业全要素生产率及其影响因素研究——基于经济转型期的经验研究

Total Factor Productivity and Its Determinants under Environmental Constraint in China's Manufacturing Industry——Based on Empirical Study of Transition Period

基于方向性距离函数的Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数法估算了考虑环境因素的中国2001-2009年制造业31个两位数行业的全要素生产率指标,并比较了不考虑环境因素影响情形下的全要素生产率增长情况;运用Tobit模型研究了环境约束下全要素生产率的影响因素。结果显示:考虑环境因素的中国制造业全要素生产率各项指标都呈现出增长趋势;相比较不考虑环境因素而言,在正确考虑环境管制的情形下,中国制造业全要素生产率会得到提高,而且对生产率的增长作出主要贡献的还是技术进步而非生产效率的提高;资本深化、行业规模、研发投入和环境污染等因素对中国制造业轻、重工业的全要素生产率均有不同程度的影响。

This paper applies the directional distance function and Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index to measure TFP over the period 2001 to 2009 accounting for environmental factors in 31 manufacture industries of China,and compares the TFP growth in the case of the absence of environmental factors,and uses Tobit model to study TFP＇s influencing factor.The major conclusions are as follows：The TFP of China manufacture industry is in a steady growth trend;The TFP under environmental restrictions is higher than the TFP ignoring the environmental factors;Technology advancement is the primary cause of gains in manufacturing industry TFP.Capital deepening,industrial scale,RD and environmental pollution have a varying degree effect on the TFP growth.