新古典现实主义视角下的美国对外经济援助政策——以冷战后对朝鲜经济援助为例

U.S.Policy on Foreign Economic Aid from the Perspective of Neo-classical Realism——Demonstrated by the Economic Aid to Korea in the Post-Cold-War Years

自20世纪90年代以来,尽管美国在国际体系和地区事务中始终享有超然地位与强力手段,但在东北亚地区秩序的维持上显然面临着诸多的挑战。朝鲜的人道主义问题始终牵动地区稳定的神经,尤其关乎美国的全球战略能否在体系和地区层次得以实现。本文从新古典现实主义的视角出发,考察冷战后美国对朝鲜人道主义援助的政策进程演变,通过理论来透视粮食与能源援助所蕴含的逻辑,并探讨体系因素和内在动因对援助行动的共同影响,及其所折射出美国巩固地区政治权力的灵活外交哲学。

Although America has always enjoyed transcendent status and powerful means in international system and regional affairs since 1990s, it evidently faces many challenges in the maintenance of order in Northeast Asia. North Korean humanitarian problems always affect the stability in Northeast Asia, especially the realization of American global strategy on the system and regional levels. From neo - classical realism perspective, this paper will examine process evolution of American humanitarian aid policy toward North Korea and the inherent logic of food and energy aid through the theory, and explore the combined effect of system factors and the intrinsic motivation on aid, and its reflection on flexible diplomacy philosophy of U. S. to consolidate political power in this area.