用于水产养殖的生物滤器反冲与排污装置设计及性能试验

Design and Experiment of a Bio-filter Backwashing Device Used in Aquaculture

浮球式生物滤器在用于封闭循环式水产养殖水处理过程中,浮式滤球的表面常长出一层生物膜,并吸附悬浮物,吸附的悬浮物长时间积累就会堵塞浮球间的空隙,增加了水体流动的阻力,甚至会断流,定时进行反冲洗是确保正常工作的重要环节。其反冲洗的效果直接影响过滤后的水质指标,在很大程度上决定了生物滤器的工作性能。本研究根据浮球式生物滤器的结构特点和反冲洗要求,设计了浮球式生物滤器的反冲洗与排污装置,并测试了其性能。结果表明:该反冲与排污装置的反冲洗效果好、排污机构的动作准确、排污畅通,一次反冲洗为10 min、耗水1.5m3。

The surface of the floating filtering balls were attached by growing biofilms and absorbed the ions in suspended solid particles when the floating type ofbio-filters were applied to effluent treatment in a closed-reeirculating aquaculture. The biofllms and absorbed suspended particles led to plug the gap of float balls, and to increase in the resistance to water flow, even to stop water flowing. So, regular backwashing is important in the normal function of the filtering. In this study, a floating Wpe of bio-fiiter with back back- wash and effluent treatment was designed based on the structural characteristics and fimctional requirements of the float type of bio-filter and tested in practice, with good performance. It was found that the advice showed accurate action, and flowing elimination of the effluent, and that a backwash needed 10 min, and water consumption of 1.5 m3.