岩石矿物中铀钍的分析方法进展——非破坏分析法

Review on the Analytical Methods for Determination of Uranium and Thorium in Rocks and Minerals——Non-destructive Analysis

非破坏分析法部分着重介绍了岩石矿物中铀钍的非破坏性分析方法原理、特点和应用范围。非破坏分析手段主要包括:中子活化分析法(NAA)、裂变径迹法(FTA)、X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)、激光烧蚀光谱法(LIBS)和γ能谱直接测量法。非破坏分析鉴于其独特优势仍有发展空间,LIBS技术是新近发展的具有较大潜力的技术手段,而γ能谱直接测量法针对铀钍等放射性核素的测量具有无可比拟的发展优势。

The principles, characteristics and application areas of the non-destructiveness analysis methods for determination of uranium and thorium in rocks and minerals are introduced mainly in this paper. Non- destructiveness analysis methods include neutron activation analysis （NAA）, fission track analysis （FTA）, the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry （XRF）, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （LIBS） and Gamma-ray spectrometry （7-S）. The non-destructive analysis methods still have large spaces for advanced developement owing to their unique advantages. The LIBS is a newly developed technique, with great appli- cation potential, on the other hand the 7-S method has unparalleled advantage to be developed to measure radionuclides such as uranium and thorium.