健康教育减少小学生接触疫水行为的研究

STUDIES ON HEALTH EDUCATION INTERVENTION TO REDUCE UNSAFE WATER CONTACTS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

目的研究健康教育干预措施减少湖区小学生接触疫水的行为。方法在洞庭湖区选择５０所血吸虫病疫情比较严重的学校，四年级学生为研究对象，通过基线调查，针对儿童的兴趣制作了血防科普动画片和卡通画册材料，在学校集中传播。结果干预后实验组学生血防知识的水平和态度的改变显著高于对照组，且呈稳定上升趋势；实验组学生接触疫水率和日接触疫水频次及血吸虫感染率均显著低于对照组；在安全水体活动的频率显著高于对照组。结论健康教育干预措施能显著降低小学生接触疫水的行为。

Objective To study health education intervention in reducing unsafe water contact behaviour in primary school children. Methods Fifty primary schools located in high endemic areas of schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake region were selected and the students of 4 grade served as subjects in the study. Cartoon videotapes and booklets were developed and disseminated in correspondence with the interests of children after a baseline survey. Results The knowledge and be haviour changes of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group after intervention, and demonstrated a trend of stable rising. The water contact proportion, daily water contact frequency and the infection rate of schistosomiasis in the experimental group were significantly lower than that in the control group. Conclusion Health education inter vention can significantly reduce the unsafe water contact behaviour in primary school children.