眼眶骨折眼球内陷的动物模型建立及发生机制研究

A study on the establishment of orbital fractures with enophthalmos in animal models and its pathogenesis

目的 探讨眼眶骨折眼球内陷的发生机制 ,为其临床手术治疗提供依据。方法 应用手术方法造成 40只成年猫眶壁骨折和缺损 ,术后进行眼眶CT扫描和眼球内陷测量。结果 眶内侧壁缺损组的 2 0只猫中 ,17只猫发生眼球内陷 ;后部眶底缺损的 10只猫中 ,4只猫发生眼球内陷 ;前部眶底缺损的 10只猫中 ,仅 1只猫发生眼球内陷。结论 手术方法可以制成眼眶骨折眼球内陷的动物模型。眼球轴线以后的眶腔容积增加产生眼球内陷 ,眼球轴线以前的眶腔容积改变不影响眼球位置。

ObjectiveTo establish animal models of enophthalmos with orbital fractures,investigate the pathogenesis of enophthalmos,and to provide useful information for clinical operation.MethodsBy means of surgical operation,the defects of orbital wall were created in 40 adult cats,and the width and height of the defects were 1 0～1 5?mm.2～4 weeks after operation,the enophthalmos was measured by Hertel exophthalmometer,the position of the globes were examined by a corneal light reflex,and CT scanning was carried out in all animals.Results17 of 20 cats had enophthalmos in the group of the medial orbital wall defects,the maximum degree of enophthalmos was 3 5?mm,the minimum degree was 1 5?mm and the average degree was (2 7±0 5)mm.5 of 17 cats of enophthalmos had esotropia 20°～30°.The defects of the medial orbital wall and the orbital soft tissues herniation into ethmoid sinus and the increment of bony orbital volume were indicated in CT imaging.4 of 10 cats had enophthalmos in the group of the posterior orbital floor defects,the degree of enophthalmos was 1 5?mm,2 0?mm,2 0?mm and 2 5?mm respectively,and 2 of them had hypotropia(15°),but only 1 of 10 cats had enophthalmos in the group of the anterior orbital floor defects,the degree of enophthalmos was 2 0?mm.ConclusionThe animal models of enophthalmos of orbital fractures were established in cats.The results indicate that orbital volumetric changes in front of the axis of the globe have no effect on the position of the globe itself,orbital volumetric expansion behind the axis of the globe results in enophthalmos.