外国户籍法律制度比较研究及启示

The Comparative Study of Foreign Household Registration Legal System and Enlightenment

户籍,指的是登记居民户口的册籍。户籍制度是政府职能部门对所辖人口的出生、死亡、迁徙、婚姻等基本状况进行登记并进行相关管理的一项法律制度。通过分析世界上具有代表性的西欧、美国、俄罗斯、日本的户籍制度,并与我国户籍制度进行比较研究,阐明户籍制度的理念为身份平等,户籍制度的价值为保护迁徙自由,户籍法律制度具有私法功能。我国户籍制度改革的目标为实现城乡居民身份平等,实践法律的公平正义。

Household Registration refers to the book of registered resident household. The Household Registration System is a legal system which is used to register and manage basic conditions of population--birth, death, migration and marriage by government functional departments. Through the analysis on typical Household Registration System of Western Europe, America, Russia and Japan in the world and comparative study on comparison of ours, the paper mainly illustrates three viewpoints on Household Registration System -- philosophy of civil status equality, value of protection on free migration and function of private law. The purpose of the reform on our Household Registration System is to realize the identity equality of urban and rural residents, guarantee free migration of residents and carry out the fairness and justice of law.