猫科动物脚掌肉垫缓冲力学特性分析

Mechanical Buffering Characteristics of Feline Paw Pads

生活在崎岖、复杂地形善于跑跳的猫科动物,已进化演变成为对外界环境具有很强适应性的缓冲肌体,具有良好的抗冲击性和对振动进行缓冲的能力。这些动物的足底一般都长有"肉垫",当其足部与地面冲击接触时,肉垫可起到有效的缓冲作用。本文根据实验中观察到的现象,建立简化质量-弹簧黏弹性的力学模型,给出控制方程的解析解,对猫科动物脚掌肉垫的力学特性参数进行探索,得到一些有意义的结果。

In the long time of natural evolution, the bodies of some animals, such as feline, that live in the wild and complicate surroundings have evolved to possess outstanding buffering characteristics, which make the animals adapt to the environment perfectly. These animals generally have well-developed paw pads under their soles to play an im- portant role in attenuating the intensity of impact when they land on the ground. Investigating the buffering characteristics of these animals＇ paw pads could help us to design ＂bionic＂ buffering and energy-absorption devices. In this paper, based on observations of animal jumping test, a simple mass-spring-buffer model was proposed to explore the buffering characteristics of the animals＇ paw pads. By analytically solving the differential equations of this model, the parameters concerned with paw pads functions were discussed and some significant results were obtained.