量子点毒性机制及对生殖系统毒性的研究进展

Recent Advances on Mechanisms of Toxicity and Reproductive Toxicity of Quantum Dots

量子点（quantumdots，QDs）是一种小型（直径l～10nm）半导体纳米晶体，凭借其高亮度、耐光漂白等优点在生物医学领域中被广泛应用。同时，量子点的细胞毒性已受到越来越多的关注，量子点在体外和活体2方面均存在生殖毒性，并随着量子点浓度升高和其释放的Cd2＋量的增加，产生的细胞毒性逐渐增强，不同的微环境对相同种类、相同浓度量子点造成的毒性大小也有差异。量子点对生物生殖系统的毒性的影响主要通过细胞死亡受体途径、普遍应激途径、氧化应激途径使组织和细胞发生氧化损伤和凋亡，活性氧自由基（reactive oxygen species，ROS）的产生是量子点引起细胞毒性的因素之一。

Quantum dots （QDs） are small semiconductors nanocrystals with the diameter of 1-10 nm, QDs have been widely used in biomedical researches owning to its excellent optical properties, such as high brightness and high photostability. However, the cytotoxicity of QDs was concerned by more and more researchers. Reproductive toxicity of QDs exists in both in vivo and in vitro. The cytotoxicity of QDs will gradually enhance along with increasing concentration of QDs and its releasing level of Cd2~, and the cytotoxicity of QDs with the same type and concentration will vary under different micro-environments. QDs mainly affect the reproductive system toxicity through cell death receptor pathway, common stress pathway and oxidative stress way. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） is one of factors that cause cell toxicity.