父母教养方式、心理韧性与大学生主观幸福感的关系分析

Relationships of parenting style,resilience and subjective well-being in university students

目的探讨大学生父母教养方式与主观幸福感的关系以及心理韧性在其中所起的中介作用。方法采用主观幸福感量表、EMBU父母教养方式问卷、CD-RISC心理韧性量表对492名大学生团体施测。结果①大学生主观幸福感水平较高,生活满意度平均得分4.14±1.25,积极情感和消极情感的平均得分依次为3.16±0.62和2.40±0.73。男生的消极情感得分显著高于女生(t=2.62,P<0.01);大一学生的积极情感显著高于其他年级学生(F=2.77,P<0.05);来自城市的大学生的生活满意度显著高于来自农村的大学生(t=3.70,P<0.01)。②母亲温暖理解教养方式能显著预测生活满意度,父母亲温暖理解及其交互作用能显著预测积极情感,父亲惩罚严厉、母亲拒绝否认能显著预测消极情感(r2依次为0.101、0.125、0.166)。结论心理韧性在母亲温暖理解教养方式对大学生生活满意度之间、父亲温暖理解与积极情感之间起部分中介作用,对母亲温暖理解和父母温暖理解交互项与积极情感之间起完全中介作用。

Objective To investigate the relationship of parenting style and subjective well-being in university students, and the mediating role of resilience in their relationship. Methods A total of 492 university students were surveyed with the Subjective Well-being Scale, the Chinese version of Egma Minnen av Bardndos- nauppforstran （EMBU） , and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Results These students had a high level of subjective well-being, with the life satisfaction average score of 4.14 ± 1.25, and average scores of positive emotions and negative emotions of 3.16 ±0.62 and 2.40 ±0.73 respectively. The boys had significantly higher score in negative emotions than in the the girls （ t = 2.62, P 〈 0. 01 ）. So did the freshman in positive emotions than those from other graders （ F = 2.77, P 〈 0.05 ）. Students from urban areas got significantly higher life satisfaction than those from rural areas （ t = 3.70, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The emotional warmth and understanding from mothers was a significant predictor of life satisfaction, while that from parents and their interaction was a significantly predictor of positive emotion. Fathers＇ punishment and mothers＇ rejection could significantly predict negative emotions （r2 = 0. 101, 0. 125,0. 166）. Conclusion Resilience partially mediates the relationship between parenting style and subjective well-being. Resilience totally mediates the relationship between the parental emotional warmth and understanding interactive items, and positive emotions.