Ni3Al基自润滑复合材料摩擦学性能的研究

Tribological Properties of Ni_3Al Matrix Self-lubricating Composites

采用真空热压烧结方法制备了Ni3Al基自润滑复合材料,通过HT-1000型球盘式高温摩擦仪分别测试了不同条件下Ni3Al基自润滑复合材料的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:复合材料在20～1 000℃均具有良好的自润滑性能,其摩擦系数在0.24～0.43之间.研究发现复合材料在低载(5 N、滑动速度为0.2 m/s)低温(20～400℃)下具有最低的摩擦系数(0.24～0.29),但在低载高温下(600℃以上)摩擦系数较高(0.39～0.41);而在高载(20 N)时在整个温度测试区间(20～1 000℃)拥有低而稳定的摩擦系数(0.28～0.31).Ni3Al基自润滑材料优异的高温摩擦学性能归因于高温下材料摩擦表面形成的银、氟化物、氧化物以及钼酸盐等低剪切化合物的协同润滑作用.

The Ni3A1 matrix self- lubricating composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy technique. The tribologieal properties of the Ni3A1 matrix self - lubricating composites were investigated under different conditions using a HT - 1000 type ball on disc high temperature tribometer. The results show that the composites had good self - lubricating properties from 20℃ to 1 000 ℃ , and the friction coefficient ranged from 0.24 to 0.43. The friction coefficient was the lowest （ from 0.24 to 0.29） at a load of 5 N and temperatures from 20 ℃ to 400 ℃, but high friction coefficient （from 0.39 to 0.41 ） at temperature higher than 600 ℃. The composites had low and steady friction coefficient （0.28 - 0.31 ） at a load of 20 N from 20 ℃ to 1 000 ℃. The excellent high - temperature tribological properties of Ni3 A1 matrix self - lubricating composites can be attributed to synergtic lubricating effect of Ag, fluorides, oxides and molybdates on the frictional surface.