眼外伤244例临床分析

The clinical analysis of 244 cases of ocular trauma

目的探讨沧州地区眼外伤发病特点，治疗及预防。方法对244例（256只眼）眼外伤性别、年龄、致伤原因、外伤种类、并发症、治疗前后视力等数据进行回顾性统计学分析。结果244例眼外伤病例中，男女比例为5．78：1。好发年龄段为1岁～10岁、20岁～50岁。致伤原因以铁器崩伤或击伤较多，共67例，其次为植物击伤或扎伤32例，爆炸伤鞭炮崩伤28例。开放性眼外伤、眼球钝挫伤共200例。并发症以外伤性白内障、前房积血、玻璃体积血多见，眼球摘除4只眼。143只眼（55．86％）视力提高；49只眼（19．14％）视力不变；32只眼（12．50％）视力下降。结论大多数眼外伤是可以预防和避免的，及时有效的救治、加强安全教育是预防眼外伤的关键。

Objective To investigate the clinical features, therapy and prophylaxis of ocular trau- ma. Methods The data of 244 cases （256 eyes） ocular trauma were analyzed statistically which in- cluding gender, age, causes of injury, trauma types, complications, vision acuity before and after treat- ment and so on. Results In the 244 cases of ocular trauma, the ratio of male to female was 5.78： 1. The predilection age stages were 1 year old to 10 years old and 20 years old to 50 years old. The majority injury was caused by ironware with a total of 67 cases, followed by 32 cases caused by plants, and 28 cases caused by explosion injury. Other causes were rare. There were 200 cases of open ocular trauma and blunt trauma, others were less. The most common complications of ocular injury were traumatic cataract, hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage. Four cases （4 eyes） underwent eye enucleation. There was an improvement of visual acuity in 143 eyes （55.86%）, no change in 49 eyes （19.14%）, and worsening in 32 eyes （12.50%）. Conclusions The majority of eye trauma can be prevented and avoided, to treat timely and effectively and strengthen safety education are the key to prevention of eye trauma.