锂空气电池的研究进展

Research Progress of Lithium-air Battery

随着动力电池和电网储能等对高性能电池需求的增大,具有超高比能量的锂空气电池受到了越来越多的关注.为了开发出循环性能好、安全实用的锂空气电池,各国研究者对相应的正极材料、电解质、催化剂和防水透氧膜等都做了大量的探索性工作,并取得了一系列的进展.其中,找到稳定的电解质、设法减小放电产物的钝化,对锂空气电池的真正可逆循环最为关键.本文以惰性有机电解质体系的锂空气电池为主,总结了近年来在空气正极、催化剂、电解质和防水透氧膜等方面的最新研究成果,同时简单介绍了其它体系的锂空气电池,并提出了对锂空气电池未来的努力和发展方向.

With the increasing demand for high-performance battery by electric vehicle and the energy storage of power grid, the lithium-air battery with ultra-high specific energy has received more and more attention. To develop safe and practical lithium-air battery with good cycle performance, researchers have done plenty of exploratory work on the corresponding cathode materials, electrolyte, catalyst and waterproof oxygen permeation membrane, etc. Among all the work, finding stable electrolyte and minimizing discharge products＇ passivation are the most critical issues. In this paper, based on the aprotic electrolyte architecture, the latest researches on the mentioned respects of the lithium-air battery are reviewed. In addition, the general development of other three architectures is introduced. At last, the future challenges in development of lithium-air battery are proposed.