关于二外日语学习者的日语方位表达方式“上”的教学方略研究

A Study on the Teaching Strategies of "上" as a Position Expression Style in Japanese for Learners of Japanese as a Second Foreign Language

当谈及日语"上"的方位表达方式时,中文用"名词+上"来表达,而日语却用"名词+上+に、で…"来表达。比如将"桌子上有书"这个句子翻译成日语时,一般可以这样翻译:"机の上に本がある"。用同样的方法将"黑板上有字"翻译成日语,就会翻译成"黒板の上に字がある",但这个日语句子却变成了"黑板的上方有字"的意思了。也就是说中国的"名词+上"和日语的"名词+上+に、で…"并非一对一的关系。那么这两者到底是怎样的关系呢?同时,二外日语学习者对这一语言现象的习得状况又如何呢?本文以将日语作为第二外语的英语专业的二外日语学习者为对象,对其习得状况进行实证调查,并究其问题所在,然后从中日对照的角度对二外日语学习者的日语方位表达方式"上"的教学方略进行探讨。

When using ＂上＂ to express a position,Chinese people use the structure ＂noun＋上＂,while Japanese people use ＂noun＋上＋に,で…＂ to express it.This paper illustrates that the structure ＂noun＋上＂ in Chinese is not equivalent to ＂noun＋ 上＋に,で…＂ in Japanese.In order to make clear the relationship between the former two structures,as well as learners＇ acquisition situation of this language phenomenon,this paper investigates on English majors learning Japanese as a second foreign language,aiming to inquire into teaching strategies for this Japanese language phenomenon.