陇南白马藏族池哥昼傩面具色彩文化成因探析

On the Forming of Nuo Mask's Color in Baima Tibetan's Chigezhou in Longnan

陇南白马藏族池哥昼是一种傩祭仪式,是傩文化的原始形态,一般由池哥、池母和知玛组成,其池哥昼傩面具色彩具有独特的艺术形式。池哥仪态威严,凶悍,面目狰狞,面具色彩整体呈暖色调,以红、黄、蓝(绿、)黑、白五色为主相互搭配,色彩单纯、对比强烈。池母面具用黄色做底,用黑色勾画眼睛、眉毛和头发,用红色描画嘴唇,色彩单纯、亮丽,温暖的黄色调表现出池母温柔、慈祥、高贵的气质。知玛脸部用黑色涂染,显得朴素、深沉、神秘。而自然因素和社会因素的影响,是池哥昼傩面具色彩文化形成的主要原因。

Consisting mostly of Chige, Chimu and Zhima, Chigezhou of Longnan Baima Tibetans is a kind of ceremony and primitive form of Nuo culture. Nuo mask＇s color of Chigezhou has a unique art form. Since Chige looks majestic, fierce and hideous, its mask＇ s color is mainly made up of red, yellow, blue （green） black and white with warm, pure, bright and strong hue. The color of Chimu＇s mask looks pure and bright with the warm and yellow hue by using black color to paint eyes, eyebrows and hair, red to paint lips and yellow as the prime coat, which shows Chimu＇s gentle, kind and noble feature. Zhima＇s mask is painted with black painting, which seems plain, deep, and mysterious. In one word, the influence of natural factor and social element is the main cause to form the color culture of the Nuo mask of Chigezhou.