高校学生创业意愿影响因素及学生的创业障碍认知研究——基于SEM模型和LAC方法的分析

Positive Analysis on Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention of College Students and their Cognition of Hindering Factors——Based on Analysis of SEM Model and LAC Method

以武汉市12所高校的创业调查数据为样本,采用结构方程模型验证了创业教育、学历背景、态度动机、家庭支持、个体特征等影响学生创业意愿的5个因素。结果显示:创业教育是最主要的影响因素,其标准化效应系数为0.34;学历背景与学生的创业意愿呈负相关,其效应大小为0.33。在此结论的基础上,采用潜在类别分析法进一步探究学生对影响其创业意愿障碍因素的认知,结果表明:个人归因型认知类别的比例为65.7%,个人层面的障碍因素主导着学生的创业决策。基于此,政府应通过实施普遍的创业通识教育、加大对青年学生创业的资金支持力度,不断优化创业环境,以改善和提升他们的创业愿景。

Based on samples from survey of 12 colleges and universities in Wuhan and the method of structural equation modeling, this paper confirms that entrepreneurship education, academic background, attitude-motivation, family support and individual characteristics are the five major determinants of en- trepreneurial intention for college students. Among them, attitude-motivation factor is the key determi- nant,whose standardized coefficient reaches 0. 34. Academic background factor comes as the second lar- gest determinant, the coefficient of which is --0. 33. Explorative latent class analysis shows that individ- ual-attributed cognition type dominates students＂ cognition of hindering factors of their entrepreneurial intention. The proportion of this cognition type accounts for 65.7 percent of students＇ perceived hinde- ring factors, which indicates that factors from subjective level are the key determinants of college students＇ entrepreneurial decision. Therefore, governments at all levels should carry out entrepreneurial general education and strengthen the fund support for young students＇ entrepreneurship. In addition, governments should also optimize entrepreneurial environment so as to improve their entrepreneurial in- tention.