微型营养评估表评估家庭病床老年患者营养状况研究

Evaluations of nutritional status according to mini nutritional assessment in eider home-care patients

目的应用微型营养评估表评估家庭病床老年患者营养不良的危险性，并研究该评估表总分与18项相关问题的相关性。方法将2011年5月上海市静安区南西社区卫生服务中心收治的62例家庭病床老年患者作为研究对象，应用微型营养评估表进行调查，用Spearman相关分析方法分析微型营养评估表总分与其中18项相关问题的相关性，营养状况等级与BMI、上臂肌围、小腿围之间的关系。结果营养不良发生率为18％（11／62），营养不良危险率为47％（29／62），22例营养正常（35％）；BMI、独立生活、活动能力、进食方式、精神心理问题、上臂肌同、小腿围、自我健康评估和自我营养评估与微型营养评估总分相关性强（秩相关系数分别为0．601、0．600、0．666、0．627、0．611、0．618、0．726、0．612和0．672，均P〈0．05）；1个月内体重下降、每天进餐次数、液体摄入量与微型营养评估总分相关性弱（秩相关系数分别为0．350、0．319和0．288，均P〈0．05）；微型营养评估分级与BMI、上臂肌围、小腿同之间呈正相关（均P〈0．05）。结论家庭病床老年患者营养不良危险性高，微型营养评估表总分与18项相关问题中的9项相关性强。

Objective To assess the risk of malnutrition in elder home-care patients through mini nutritional assessment （MNA） and study the correlations between total MNA score and 18 individual questions in this patient group. Methods In May 2011, 62 elder home-care patients from our center answered the MNA questionnaire. And the results were used to analyze the correlations between total MNA score and individual questions and the correlations among MNA classifications and body mass index（ BMI）, mid-arm muscle circumference （MAMC） and calf circumference （CC）. Results According to MNA, 18% were malnourished （ 11/62 ） , 47% at risk of malnutrition （ 29/62 ） and 35% well-nourished （ 22/62 ） ; BMI, independence, mobility, neuropsyehological problems, ingesting method, MAMC, CC and self- perceived nutritional status, self-perceived health status showed strong correlations with total MNA score （0.601, 0.600, 0.666, 0.611, 0.627, 0.618, 0.726, 0.612, 0.672, P 〈0.05）. And weight loss within a month, number of daily meals and intake of drinks showed weak correlations with total MNA score （0.35, 0.319, 0.288, P 〈 0.05）. Positive correlations existed among MNA classifications and BMI, MAMC, CC （15.45, 19.85, 31.89, P〈0.05）. Conclusions The elder home-care patients have a high risk for malnutrition. Half of 18 individual questions are strongly correlated with total MNA score in this patient group.