合作原则下言语交际中的非真实性话语探析

The Cooperative Principle Approach to Deception in Verbal Communication

非真实性话语作为一种语言现象,普遍存在于社会交往和谈话过程中。Grice的合作原则认为双方在交际中都要遵循四准则:质的准则、量的准则、关系准则和方式准则。非真实性话语在某种程度上违背了合作原则的四项准则。交际双方在非真实性话语语境下通过违背礼貌原则或以非真实性话语为手段可以完成成功交际。

Deception as a linguistic phenomenon is pervasive in verbal communication. The utterances in the American play Lie to Me are chosen as data which are analyzed within the framework of cooperative principle. De- ception does not only violate the maxim of quality but the violation of the quantity maxim,the relation maxim and the manner maxim also belongs to deception. At last, the achievements of successful communication are discussed in the context of deception.