福建省乙型肝炎疫苗接种率及其影响因素调查

Investigation of Hepatitis B Immunization Coverage Rate and Its Influential Factors in Fujian Province

为了解福建省乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗接种的实际状况及其影响因素 ,于 1999年 7月采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法 ,对全省71个县 (市、区 )的 12 0个村 (居委会 )级计划免疫基层单位进行了调查。随机入户调查了 848名 1997年出生的儿童 ,结果表明 :乙肝疫苗接种率为 91 6 3% ,合格接种率为 84 96 % ;城区和农村 1层、2层、3层不同经济收入层次的乙肝疫苗接种率有显著性差异 ;未接种乙肝疫苗的主要影响因素是缺乏信息和客观原因 ;在出生后当天或第 2天内及时接种第 1针乙肝疫苗的仅占 43 92 % ,接生地点对及时接种率有影响 ;家长对乙肝疫苗的知识主要是从医生处获得。改善信息传播 ,加强对居民和各级医务人员进行乙肝疫苗及时接种重要性的教育 。

In order to know the actual condition of hepatitis B (HB) immunization coverage rate and its influential factors in Fujian Province, we investigated in July 1999 in 120 villages of 71 counties by stratified multistage random cluster sampling. The villages represent grassroots units of EPI. Another 848 randomly selected children born in 1997 were investigated at their homes. The results showed that in village survey, HB immunization coverage rate was 91.63%, but the qualified rate was 84.96%. There were significant differences in immunization coverage rate among urban and rural families who earned different incomes. The unvaccination was chiefly due to the ineffectiveness of EPI information. The places where the babies born also affected the 1st dose reception of HB vaccine, that for babies born in hospitals of county level where they could be vaccinated at the 1 st or 2 nd day of their birth was 65.51%,in hospitals of town level was 38.61% and in homes was 21.46%. If doctors can teach parents to understand more knowledge about HB and its vaccine,the medical workers of different levels can be instructed to propagate the importance of timely vaccination of HB to the population,the HB vaccination quality will be greatly improved.