广东省计划免疫冷链设备状况的调查

Investigation on Current Cold Chain Conditions in Guangdong Province

为了掌握广东省计划免疫冷链设备的现状 ,对全省 14 4个地区级和县级卫生防疫站进行了书面 (统计表和问卷 )调查 ,共收回完整统计表 12 7份 ,问卷 10 2份。同时由省卫生防疫站对 3个地区级、8个县级卫生防疫站和 32个乡 (镇 )卫生院进行了现场调查。结果显示 :当前广东省计划免疫冷链设备总的完好率为 75 % ,其中冷藏车完好率 5 0 % ,疫苗运输车 6 9% ,低温冷库 10 0 % ,普通冷库 92 % ,低温冰箱 83% ,普通冰箱 74% ,冷藏箱 75 % ,冷藏包 6 6 % ,冰排 6 7% ;以冰箱、冷藏包、冰排更新得多。维修人员年龄偏大 ,所学专业离散 ,现场抽查发现 ,兼职维修人员多 ,队伍不稳定 ;问卷调查显示 ,5 8%的卫生防疫站无维修人员。为保证冷链设备的正常运转 ,应建立一个长期稳定的经费投入机制和有效的。

It has practical significance to conduct a survey on the cold chain equipment which has been functioning in the past 13 years. Investigation of 144 epidemic prevention stations of district and county levels began from Sep. 1998, 88.19% of them provided with valid data, and the deadline for entering data was June 30, 1999. Besides, 3 epidemic prevention stations of district level, 8 of county level and 32 town hospitals were surveyed on-spot by provincial epidemic prevention station. The results showed that: the percentage of full functioning cold chain was 75% in Guangdong Province, of which the good condition rates for cold storage trucks was 50%, for vaccine transport car 69%, for low temperature cold storage house 100%, for common cold storage house 92%, for low temperature refrigerator 83%, for general refrigerator 74%, for cold storage box 75%, for cold storage bag 66% and for ice raft was 67%. The renewal of refrigerator, cold storage bag and ice raft were more than the others. The age of the maintenance workers are older, they are not very specialized. In the on-the-spot survey, the maintenance workers are found to hold two or more posts concurrently, the contingent is not stable. The investigation by questionaire showed about 58% of the epidemic prevention stations had no maintenance worker. For ensurring the regular working of cold chain equipment, a new secure model should be established, management of the cold chain equipment should be build up.