高功率微波对细菌杀灭效应的实验研究

An Experiment on Disinfection Using High Power Microwave

为研究高功率微波对细菌的杀灭效果及其可能存在的非热效应。采用频率2450MHz，功率0～3kw的连续高功率微波，对干湿状态的细菌进行不同强度及时间的辐照，比较其杀灭率，并同时与单纯的加热灭菌相对比，研究高功率微波对细菌的杀灭规律。结果显示：不同强度及拍照时间的微波对干菌作用后，其温度无显著变化，但活菌显著减少（P＜0．05）；对湿菌的杀灭效果则显著高于干菌，而单纯加热灭菌率则低于微波对湿菌的杀灭。提示微波对湿菌的杀灭强于单纯的加热干菌，且可杀灭干菌，说明微波对细菌的杀灭除热效应外还有非热效应。

This experimental disinfection was intended to examine the effect of high power microwave on bacteria, and the putative nonthermal effect. The bacteria of the experimental groups were irradiated by high power microwave in different intensities and time and were compared with the controls——bacteria heated only. The principles of disinfection by means of high power microwave were studied. The results showed that the temperature did not change after the dry bacteria were irradiated by high power microwave in different intensities and time,but the number of bacteria alive decreased significantly(P＜0.05). The high power microwave's effect of disinfection was grater in the wet bacteria group than in the dry bacteria group and the bacteria heated group. These data indicate that the disinfection effect of high power microwave is higher than that of heating. High power microwave can kill dry bacteria, and it has the nonthermal effect in addition to its thermal effect.