细胞内锌离子动态平衡及其与疾病的关系

Zinc Homeostasis in Cells and Its Relationship with Certain Diseases

锌离子是人体的必需微量元素,广泛参与细胞的增殖和分化、核酸与蛋白质的合成以及其它许多重要的生理活动。人体内锌离子缺乏会导致免疫力下降、男性生殖功能减退等问题;然而锌离子过剩,也会引发缺铁性贫血、提高心血管疾病发病率等。因此,维持体内锌离子的动态平衡、对于人体健康有着极其重要的作用。文章就细胞内调控锌离子动态平衡的4大关键成分:金属硫蛋白(MT,Metallothionein)、ZIP/SLC39A家族蛋白(solute-linked carrier 39A,SLC39A)、ZnT/SLC30A家族蛋白(solute-linked carrier 30A,SLC30A)、金属转录因子-1(Metal-response element-binding transcription factor-1)的结构功能及与锌离子动态平衡的关系,以及因锌离子动态平衡失衡而引发的多种疾病进行了总结和归纳。

Zinc is an essential trace metal element in human body, participating in many important physiological activities such as cell proliferation, differentiation, nucleic acids and protein metabolism. In human body, zinc deficiency can lead to a decreased immunity, male reproductive dysfunction and other illnesses, while zinc excess can also cause iron-deficiency anemia and cardiovas- cular disease. So, maintaining body zinc homeostasis is extremely important for human health. In this review, a brief introduction of the four key protein families in zinc homeostasis maintaining and regulation：Metallothionein （MT） protein family was fist made ,was first made solute-linked carrier 39A protein family （ ZIP）, solute-linked carrier 30A protein family （ZnT） and Metal-response element-binding transcription factor-1 （ MTF-1 ） protein family was fist made, and then some major diseases caused by the imbalance of zinc homeostasis were overviewed.