矿区生态修复技术研究

Technical Study of Ecological Restoration in Mining Area

从地表景观、土地资源、水资源、地质灾害、生物多样性和其他环境问题6个方面阐述了矿区矿产资源开发对生态环境和社会产生的影响。分类讨论了矿区废弃地的4种类型:废石堆废弃地、开采坑废弃地、尾矿废弃地和先占用后废弃的土地。结合矿产资源开发过程中对生态环境和社会产生的影响以及矿区废弃地的类型和特点,分析了矿区生态修复的技术措施:工程措施、生物措施和尾矿的综合利用。对我国矿区生态修复提出了几点建议。

Firstly, this article expounds the impacts of the development of mineral resources on the ecological environment and society from six aspects： landscape, land resources, water resources, geological disasters, biodiversity and other environmental problems. And then, four kinds of mine wasteland are discussed： spoil heap wasteland, mining pit wasteland, gangue wasteland and the wasteland after occupying. Moreover, combining the impacts on ecological environment and society during the development of mineral resources and types and characteristics of the wasteland, the article also introduces the techniques of ecological restoration, engineering measures, biological measures and comprehensive utilization of gangue. At last, it puts forward some suggestions for ecological restoration in China.